ISP and NHTSA ECIR II Suitability Evaluation Records [PDF]
ISP and NHTSA ECIR II Suitability Evaluation Records
47 Types of Nystagmus -- what does the HGN test really show? [PDF]
47 Types of Nystagmus -- what does the HGN test really show?
1995 Colorado SFST Validation Study [PDF]
1995 Colorado SFST Validation Study
Advanced Instructor Roadside Impaired Driving Enforcement ARIDE Instructor Manual 2008 [PDF]
Advanced Instructor Roadside Impaired Driving Enforcement ARIDE Instructor Manual 2008
Anderson--Collection and Storage of Specimens [PDF]
Anderson--Collection and Storage of Specimens
Draegar Supervisors Manual 9510 [PDF]
Draegar Supervisors Manual 9510
Ethanol Elimination in Males and Females, Relationship to Menstrual Cycle and Body Composition [PDF]
Ethanol Elimination in Males and Females, Relationship to Menstrual Cycle and Body Composition
Hoque R Chesson AL Jr - J Clin Sleep Med5471-62009 - Zolpidem-induced sleepwalking sleep driving [PDF]
Hoque R Chesson AL Jr - J Clin Sleep Med5471-62009 - Zolpidem-induced sleepwalking sleep driving
Model Specifications for Evidential Breath Alcohol Testing Devices [PDF]
Model Specifications for Evidential Breath Alcohol Testing Devices
The Chemical Basis of the Breathalyzer [PDF]
The Chemical Basis of the Breathalyzer
The Relationship Between Saccadic and Smooth Tracking Eye Movement [PDF]
The Relationship Between Saccadic and Smooth Tracking Eye Movement
WOMEN, ALCOHOL AND THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE Gill 1997 [PDF]
WOMEN, ALCOHOL AND THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE Gill 1997
ARIDE Student Manual 2008 [PDF]
ARIDE Student Manual 2008
One anatomical feature, lung size, depends on body size, age, gender and ethnicity. The breath alcohol test is biased against persons with smaller lung sizes. [PDF]
Lung size and breathing patterns have a significant impact on alcohol breath testing. A bias exists against subjects with smaller lung sizes. Subjects with smaller lung sizes include women, older individuals and African Americans. Article by Michael P. Hlastala and Joseph C. Anderson. Everything being equal including blood alcohol content (BAC), the subject with the smallest lungs would have the highest breath alcohol content (BrAC).
NHTSA compares driving under the influence of drugs laws in the various states as part of its plan to errect arbitrary standards to find impairment where none exists. [PDF]
NHTSA is back up to its old tricks of drumming up business. NHTSA now wants to put in arbitrary and scientifically baseless standards to convict drivers of driving under the influence of drugs for prescription medications. NHTSA's goal is to boldly go and find impairment where none exists.
Absorption, Distribution and Elimination of Alcohol: Highway Safety Aspects by Kurt M. Dubowski [PDF]
Retrograde extrapolation is markedly inappropriate or useless without a great deal of basic information.
Breath test result is falsely increased due to dentures in mouth [PDF]
Breath test result is falsely increased due to dentures in mouth

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Bob Keefer: Staunton Waynesboro Augusta County Virginia VA DWI DUI & Drunk Driving Lawyer representing those charged with DWI DUI & Drunk Driving in Staunton Waynesboro Augusta County Virginia VA:

Burns Article - odor not correlate to DUI [PDF]
Burns Article - odor not correlate to DUI
1977 Psychophysical Tests for DWI Arrest Study [PDF]
1977 Psychophysical Tests for DWI Arrest Study
1981 SFST Validation Study [PDF]
1981 SFST Validation Study
1997 Florida SFST Validation Study [PDF]
1997 Florida SFST Validation Study
1997 Study The Detection of BACs Below .10 [PDF]
1997 Study The Detection of BACs Below .10
1998 Study The Detection of Breath Alcohol Odors [PDF]
1998 Study The Detection of Breath Alcohol Odors
Age, Alcohol Level, Time Period Studies of Intoxicated Drivers [PDF]
Age, Alcohol Level, Time Period Studies of Intoxicated Drivers
BAC_DataMaster_Maintenance_Training_Materials [PDF]
BAC_DataMaster_Maintenance_Training_Materials
Drager Alcotest 7110 MKIII-C - User Manual Technical [PDF]
Drager Alcotest 7110 MKIII-C - User Manual Technical
Dubowski Article-chart [PDF]
Dubowski Article-chart
DUI blood alabama recall of collection kits [PDF]
DUI blood alabama recall of collection kits
MODERATE SLEEP DEPRIVATION PRODUCES IMPAIRMENTS EQUIVALENT TO 0.05% [PDF]
MODERATE SLEEP DEPRIVATION PRODUCES IMPAIRMENTS EQUIVALENT TO 0.05%
perspective on errors [PDF]
perspective on errors
Trauma_pathohysiology_implications_2006_article [PDF]
Trauma_pathohysiology_implications_2006_article
Varying %20 Length %20 of %20 Blow [PDF]
Varying %20 Length %20 of %20 Blow
Florida Validation Study for NHTSA Standardized Field Sobriety Tests [PDF]
Florida Validation Study for NHTSA Standardized Field Sobriety Testing
The breath test machine is based on the concept that the deep lung air contains alcohol at a specific ratio to the alcohol in the blood. Whether that is correct or not is not important because the deep lung air is never present in the mouth to be tested. [PDF]
Dr. Hlastala article "Padigm Shift for the Alcohol Breath Test" is published on pages 451-456 of the Journal of Forensic Sciences (Vol. 55, No. 2, March 2010. The alcohol breath test devices are based on the old model that assumes that end-exhaled breath alcohol concentration is closely related to alveolar alcohol concentration; a model that is no longer acceptable. The airway tissue interaction mkaes it impossible to deliver air with alveolar alcohol concentration to the mouth.
The EC IR II requires a 1.5L sample; if you cannot provide it you are given a deficient sample and probably deemed a refusal. [PDF]
Attached is a letter by Mac Forester that was written to NHTSA back when the new model specs were written that required a minimum of 1.1 liters. Mac's letter addresses that some people cannot provide that much breath for various reasons including some he lists. This letter should be available thru NHTSA if you need something "more official" than an email attachment.

Interesting in light of the fact that they are setting states up with 1.5L sample requirements. The EC IR II is sensitive to breath volume and stops the test if the volume is insufficient. The EC IR II requires a 1.5L sample; if you cannot provide it you are given a deficient sample and probably deemed a refusal.
On March 11, 2010, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) published a notice in the Federal Register that updates the Conforming Products List (CPL) of instruments that conform to the model specifications for Evidential Breath Testing Devices. [PDF]
On March 11, 2010, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) published a notice in the Federal Register that updates the Conforming Products List (CPL) of instruments that conform to the model specifications for Evidential Breath Testing Devices.

The major changes to the udpated CPL list include four new instruments and an update to the mobility status of one existing instrument.

The following four instruments were added to the CPL:

- Alcotest 7510 [manufactured by Draeger Safety Inc., Irving, Texas]
- Alco-Sensor V [manufactured by Intoximeters, Inc. St. Louis, Missouri]
- Evidenzer [manufactured by Nanopuls AB, Uppsala, Sweden]
- Mark V Alcovisor [manufactured by PAS International, Fredericksburg, Virginia]

The following instrument's mobility status was updated to include 'mobile':

- Alcotest 9510 [manufactured by Draeger Safety, Inc., Irving, Texas]

As a reminder, only those instruments listed on the CPL without an asterisk (*) are authorized for use in confirmation testing in the DOT alcohol testing program [see §40.231].

You can view the udpated CPL by downloading the attached PDF or visiting our home page http://www.dot.gov/ost/dapc/
False Positive Breath Alcohol Test after Ketogenic Diet [PDF]
Under certain circumstances acetone is reduced in the body to isopropaol by hepatic oxidation. This isopropanol registers as ethanol with fuel cell breath alcohol detectors. High protein diets can cause the production of isopropanol in patients. This isopropanol cannot be distinguished from ethanol by fuel cell devices like the EC/IR II.
Bob Keefer: Virginia breath test refusal due to deficient sample readings on the EC/IR II. [PDF]
Deficient Sample -- Subject did not meet the minimum requirements for a proper breath sample.

Minimum Breath Sample and Flow Drop: When a breath sample is being provided, the requirements for minimum flow rate (0.2L/second, 12 L/minute) and minimum volume (1.5 litre) must be met prior to the sample being accepted.
The effects of common bacteria on the formation of alcohol in improperly stored blood sample. [PDF]
Candida Albicans, a common bacteria eats glucose and excretes alcohol. This alcohol cannot be distinguished from alcohol that people drink.
Bob Keefer: Virginia DWI DUI and Drunk Driving Lawyer: The Science behind Breath Alcohol Testing. [PDF]
Dr. Michael Hlastala: Physiological Laws of Alcohol Breath Testing.

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Bob Keefer: Virginia DWI DUI & Drunk Driving Lawyer representing people charged in Virginia with DWI DUI & Drunk Driving:

Hlastala_ABE_2007(4) [PDF]
Hlastala_ABE_2007(4)
The EC/IR II Manual given to the Virginia Department of Forensic Science, Breath Alcohol Section by its Manufacturer, Intoximeters, Inc. [PDF]
The EC/IR II Manual given to the Virginia Department of Forensic Science, Breath Alcohol Section by its Manufacturer, Intoximeters, Inc. Info@BobKeefer.com
Age, Exposure and Alcohol Involvement in Night Crashes [PDF]
Age, Exposure and Alcohol Involvement in Night Crashes
Booker - hgn fraudulent science. HGN Junk Science. [PDF]
Booker - hgn fraudulent science. HGN Junk Science.
Drager Alcotest 9510 Standard IR plus EC Breath Alcohol Measuring Instrument Instructions 2007 [PDF]
Drager Alcotest 9510 Standard IR plus EC Breath Alcohol Measuring Instrument Instructions 2007
Horizontal Gaze Nystagmus, The New Drunk Driving Alchemy [PDF]
Horizontal Gaze Nystagmus, The New Drunk Driving Alchemy
insufficient breath, letter from intoximeters [PDF]
insufficient breath, letter from intoximeters
Jones - absorption [PDF]
Jones - absorption
1984 Intoxilyzer 5000 Manual [PDF]
1984 Intoxilyzer 5000 Manual
False Positive on breath tester due to Isopropanol produced by high protein diet. [PDF]
False Positive on breath tester due to Isopropanol produced by high protein diet.
Bloodshot eyes are no longer considered to be a clue of impairment by alcohol. There are just too many other causes in the normal environment. See attachment E. page 10 of the NHTSA publication: "The Detection of DWI at BACs Below 0.10." [PDF]
Bloodshot eyes are no longer considered to be a clue of impairment by alcohol. There are just too many other causes in the normal environment. See attachment E. page 10 of the NHTSA publication: "The Detection of DWI at BACs Below 0.10."
Attached is a 2003 study called “Nystagmus Testing in Intoxicated Individuals”. Page 2, paragraph 6 reads: “Virtually all normal individuals can make smooth pursuit eye movements to track targets up to 30deg/sec…. If a target moves too quickly for the smooth pursuit system to track accurately, brief catch-up saccades will be interposed……and the eyes will been seen to jerk as they follow the stimulus.” [PDF]
Attached is a 2003 study called “Nystagmus Testing in Intoxicated Individuals”. Page 2, paragraph 6 reads:

“Virtually all normal individuals can make smooth pursuit eye movements to track targets up to 30deg/sec…. If a target moves too quickly for the smooth pursuit system to track accurately, brief catch-up saccades will be interposed……and the eyes will been seen to jerk as they follow the stimulus.”
DUI/ DWI Arrest Survival Guide: The Guilt Myth (Second Edition) by Bob Keefer, Esquire and Bob Battle, Esquire [PDF]
DUI/ DWI Arrest Survival Guide: The Guilt Myth (Second Edition) by Bob Keefer, Esquire and Bob Battle, Esquire

The book that gives you a fighting chance to get a good result from a DWI charge in Virginia.
Opioid Pharmacokinetics and Expected Metabolites Chart [PDF]
Opioid Pharmacokinetics and Expected Metabolites Chart
The actual location of Virginia's EC/IR IIs by serial number and location as of November 4, 2009. [PDF]
The actual location of Virginia's EC/IR IIs by serial number and location as of November 4, 2009.
Virginia's EC/IR II is not fair to diabetics. [PDF]
Diabetics are not fairly tested by Virginia's new evidentiary breath tester.
Pete Marone Head of the Virginia Department of Forensic Science testifying before Congress in May 2009 [PDF]
Director Marone admits that the Department of Forensic Science does not have enough resources to perform its job of forensic analysis properly.
Alexandria Circuit Court orders inspection of the Intoxilyzer 5000 used in Vito Fosella case [PDF]
Alexandria Circuit Court orders inspection of the Intoxilyzer 5000 used in Vito Fosella case. Permits examination with oscilloscope or other necessary equipment.
Forensic Science has lost its way: There are fields of forensic science that have little or no basis in actual science.
A Federal Study points out the problems with forensics.
88 Consequences of Virginia DWI DUI Conviction [PDF]
88 Consequences of Virginia DWI DUI Conviction
Virginia Intoxilyzer 5000 Operator's Manual -- Department of Forensic Science [PDF]
Virginia Intoxilyzer 5000 Operator's Manual -- Department of Forensic Science
1990 NHTSA Checkpoint Guidelines [PDF]
1990 NHTSA Checkpoint Guidelines
Abbreviations and Symbols for use in medical records [PDF]
Abbreviations and Symbols for use in medical records
1993 DWI Motorcycles - NHTSA [PDF]
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration report on DWI DUI drunk driving impairment cues to watch for in Motorcycle riders published in 1993
1995 Colorado Validation Study -- final report [PDF]
1995 Colorado Validation Study -- final report for NHTA containing acceptable testing for DWI DUI drunk driving impairment cues and clues
1997 Psychophysical Tests for DWI Arrests [PDF]
1997 Psychophysical Tests for DWI Arrests another attempt by nhtsa to provide accurate field testing to determine proper subjects to arrest for dwi dui drunk driving
1997 Detection below .10 Shuster [PDF]
1997 Detection below .10 Shuster is an attempt to provide NHTSA with reliable field tests to determine who to arrest for dwi dui drunk driving with a bac that does not normally produce any measurable impairment
1997 Florida Validation Study of SFST - Burns & Dioquino [PDF]
1997 Florida Validation Study of SFST - Burns & Dioquino, another attempt by nhtsa to set up reliable field tests to determine who to arrest for dwi dui drunk driving in cases where there is no visible impairment
1998 San Diego Study - Stuster & Burns [PDF]
1998 San Diego Study - Stuster & Burns another attempt by nhtsa to set up a reliable method of determing bac without doing any medical or scientific testing
1991 Florida Validation Study of Standardized Field Sobriety Testing [PDF]
Tharp, Burns & Moskowitz: 1991 Florida Validation Study of SFST
Bob Keefer: CMI study shows the I5000 is essentially blind to radio frequency intereference at various frequencies. [PDF]
Study done by the Digital Corporation for CMI that found that the RFI detector on the Intoxilyzer 5000 is essentially blind at various frequencies.
Intoxilyzer 5000 Instructor's Manual regarding invalid sample being caused by mouth alcohol [PDF]
Intoxilyzer 5000 instructor manual recites that invalid sample reading is caused by mouth alcohol.
1980 NHTSA Visual Detection of DWI [PDF]
NHTSA publication dated 1980 discussing visual detection of DWI suspects
1990 NHTSA standardized field tests on boats [PDF]
NHTSA tools to develop probable cause to arrest boaters for BUI
NHTSA guide teaching police officers how to testify [PDF]
Police Officers are professional witnesses. They have been trained how to testify successfully.
DRE 7 day student Manual part 1 [PDF]
Drug recognition manual used by police.
DRE manual 7 day student manual part II [PDF]
Materials given to police to provide probable cause to arrest
Link to articles concerning blood draw for DUI DWI
Website dealing with the issues that may affect the blood test result.
Charles Barkley's police report for December, 2008 DUI arrest in AZ
Charles Barkley makes a number of mistakes in his arrest. The first is not requesting a lawyer from the beginning and merely providing the officer with his license and registration. The second is performing the roadside police coordination tests that gave probable cause to arrest him for DUI. The third mistake the married Barkley made was sharing with police that he was seeking oral sex from his female passenger who was not his wife.
Charles Barkley DUI video
Another Charles Barkley DUI video
Matt Dillon arrested for excessive speed; Charles Barkley arrested for DUI
Separating Fact from Fiction on the reliability of the field sobriety tests
This study reveals a host of flaws in the field tests: they are not reliable; they have never been subjected to peer review, and independent testing shows they are fatally flawed.
Jones v Commonwealth, CAV finds lack of adequate grounds to stop appellant for Terry stop. [PDF]
CAV favorably decided today the Terry-stop case of Rodney Jones v. CW (trial court erred in denying motion to suppress firearm seized from appellant's person as officer lacked adequate grounds to stop appellant).

In Jones, cops on routine patrol in high crime area at 10:30 a.m. see D & 2 other guys. Officers approach. D briskly walks away holding right hand to his right side. As D walks briskly to nearby townhouse, D ignores officer's order to stop. Officer grabs D before D enters home, & frisks. CW argued Wardlow case that high crime area & D's flight justify seizure. CAV disagrees, & distinguishes instant Jones case from Wardlow b/c (1) in Wardlow, D saw cops & had "headlong flight" running away into an alley, while here D walked briskly towards nearby house; & (2) in Wardlow, narcotics cops were looking for drugs in drug area & saw D with opaque baggie in hand, while here cops were on routine patrol. So, lesson is walk brisk, don't run.
Woody v Commonwealth: Appellant's failure to name County under appeal from local ordinance fatal. [PDF]
CAV today issued published opinion of Robert Woody v. CW (appeal of DWI conviction under County code section dismissed where appellant failed to name County as a party to the appeal and, as result, this Court lacks jurisdiction over an indispensable party). Two appeal lessons from this: (1) If convicted under local ordinance, better name County as the appellee, or appeal is dismissed. (2) The related Refusal-1st conviction wasn't properly appealled to CAV b/c it's civil [but CAV ordered it to be transferred to VaSupCt upon completion of DWI local ordinance appeal]. Note that CAV asked Circuit Court to clarify what D was convicted of for the DWI given the Circuit Order of "18.2-266/ 9.1"- Circuit Court clarified "DWI under local ordin. 9.1".
Harrisonburg DUI DWI Lawyer Bob Keefer: Illegal Stop by Police Officer results in suppression of evidence. [PDF]
Alaska Court of Appeals affirms lower court’s suppression order. Police officer illegally attempts to stopdefendant(cop thinks headlights required when they weren’t yet required). Defendant does not stop. Rather he drives a block across a parking lot, over some curbs and crosses street, parks car on boulevard and pulls a plank off a fence and runs through, after which he’s tackled by a homeowner on the other side. Defendant charged with several different offenses, including DUI/felony eluding, resisting, etc. Trial court suppresses all evidence after the blue lights come on, despite the subsequent eluding conduct.
Luray DWI DUI Lawyer Bob Keefer: The government's war on DWI is simply Prohibition II. [PDF]
The government's first prohibition established organized crime in this country and unleashed great suffering upon the populace. The government's second prohibition is sure to have unintended consequences far worse than the problem it is supposed to resolve.
Harrisonburg DWI DUI Lawyer Bob Keefer: Virginia Intoxilizer 5000s are starting to wear out [PDF]
Virginia's department of forensic science says the Intoxilyzer 5000s are starting to wear out
Luray DWI DUI Lawyer Bob Keefer: Winchester Circuit Court Intoxilyzer 5000 Source Code rulings [PDF]
winchester virginia va circuit court intoxilyzer 5000 source code rulings
Luray DWI DUI Lawyer Bob Keefer: Breath can cause a positive on the breath tester [PDF]
This study of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC’s) produced during the production of fermented bread products contains many lines of research and large bodies of published work.

Attached is a recent publication documenting various VOC’s detected in sourdough bread and the decline in amount of VOC over time.

As a result there are few quick and simple answers to the “what if” questions regarding VOC’s causing a false positive result with any breath alcohol testing device.

Having stated that, the most simple conclusion is that 1) fermented bread products produce multiple VOC’s that will give a positive breath result (the most notable VOC is ethanol) and 2) fresh baked bread appears to have the highest concentration of VOC’s compared to older bread.

It seems that the amount of VOC from a fermented bread product contaminating a persons breath sample would depend, at least, on 1) the concentration of VOC’s in that bread 2) the amount of residual bread in the person’s mouth 3) the length of time the bread was in the person’s mouth.

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Bob Keefer: Waynesboro Augusta County Virginia VA DWI DUI & Drunk Driving Lawyer representing those charged with DWI DUI & Drunk Driving in Waynesboro Augusta County Virginia VA:

Alabama Draegor Alcotest Manual [PDF]
Alabama Draegor Alcotest Manual
Alcohol Elimination Rate [PDF]
Alcohol Elimination Rate
Breath Alcohol Analysis, Uses Methods and Some Forensic Problems, Review and Opinion [PDF]
Breath Alcohol Analysis, Uses Methods and Some Forensic Problems, Review and Opinion
Laakso et al - J Forensic Sci 49,1113-6,2004 - Effect of eight solvents on ethanol analysis by DRAuger 7110 Evidential breath [PDF]
Laakso et al - J Forensic Sci 49,1113-6,2004 - Effect of eight solvents on ethanol analysis by DRAuger 7110 Evidential breath
McKnight boating study SFTs [PDF]
McKnight boating study SFTs
Physiological Aspects of Breath Alcohol Measurement (1990)-Jones [PDF]
Physiological Aspects of Breath Alcohol Measurement (1990)-Jones
TriTech Forensics Kit Instructions [PDF]
TriTech Forensics Kit Instructions
Intensity of odor of an alcoholic beverage does not correspond to the level of blood alcohol content. Strong smell does not mean high blood alcohol content. [PDF]
Intensity of odor of an alcoholic beverage does not correspond to the level of blood alcohol content. Strong smell does not mean high blood alcohol content.
Intensity of odor of an alcoholic beverage does not correspond to the level of blood alcohol content. Strong smell does not mean high blood alcohol content. [PDF]
Intensity of odor of an alcoholic beverage does not correspond to the level of blood alcohol content. Strong smell does not mean high blood alcohol content.
Intoxilyzer SD-5 User's Guide. The instructions and operator's manual for this hand held PBT. [PDF]
Intoxilyzer SD-5 User's Guide. The instructions and operator's manual for this hand held PBT.
Should all new cars come equipped with an alcohol breath test device? What happened to innocent until proven guility? [PDF]
Should all new cars come equipped with an alcohol breath test device? What happened to innocent until proven guility?
Virginia Attorney General Brief conceding that certificates are testimonial under Melendez-Diaz. [PDF]
Virginia Attorney General Brief conceding that certificates are testimonial under Melendez-Diaz.

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Bob Keefer: Harrisonburg Rockingham County Virginia VA DWI DUI & Drunk Driving Lawyer representing people charged with DWI DUI & Drunk Driving in Harrisonburg & Rockingham County Virginia:

Carmant 2008_Assessing ketosis_ Approaches and pitfall [PDF]
Carmant 2008_Assessing ketosis_ Approaches and pitfall
ABBOTT AXSYM SERUM ETHANOL CARTRIDGE INSERT [PDF]
ABBOTT AXSYM SERUM ETHANOL CARTRIDGE INSERT -- important to understand hospital blood testing for dui
DUI-DWI Hospital Laboratory Testing Lacks Forensic Reliability (Citron) [PDF]
DUI-DWI Hospital Laboratory Testing Lacks Forensic Reliability (Citron) Hospital blood testing for ethanol for DUI charges is not reliable.
Hospital Blood Testing by Enzymatic Assay in a Nutshell [PDF]
Hospital Blood Testing by Enzymatic Assay in a Nutshell
SIEMENS FLEX REAGENT CARTRIGE INSERT SHEET [PDF]
SIEMENS FLEX REAGENT CARTRIGE INSERT SHEET
Hlastala March 2010 JFS article [PDF]
Hlastala March 2010 JFS article
1980 Study The Visual Detection of Driving While Intoxicated [PDF]
1980 Study The Visual Detection of Driving While Intoxicated
1998 Validation of the SFSTs below .10 (San Diego) Final Report [PDF]
1998 Validation of the SFSTs below .10 (San Diego) Final Report
Field Evaluation of a Behavioral Test Battery for DWI (1983) [PDF]
Field Evaluation of a Behavioral Test Battery for DWI (1983)
Acute Alcohol Intoxication in Women, Relationship to Dose and Menstrual Cycle Phase [PDF]
Acute Alcohol Intoxication in Women, Relationship to Dose and Menstrual Cycle Phase
Alco-Sensor III Breath Testing Manual [PDF]
Alco-Sensor III Breath Testing Manual
Breath related limitations to the alcohol breath test Michael P. Hlastala, Ph. D. [PDF]
Breath related limitations to the alcohol breath test Michael P. Hlastala, Ph. D.
Characterizing Impaired Driving in Adults With ADHD [PDF]
Characterizing Impaired Driving in Adults With ADHD
gullberg the measurement uncertainty in forensic breath alcohol analysis [PDF]
gullberg the measurement uncertainty in forensic breath alcohol analysis
Intoxilyzer S-D2 Operators Manual [PDF]
Intoxilyzer S-D2 Operators Manual
Lactic_Acid_False-positive_ethanol_in_clinical_testing[1] [PDF]
Lactic_Acid_False-positive_ethanol_in_clinical_testing[1]
NHTSA PBT Carry over Warning [PDF]
NHTSA PBT Carry over Warning
precision, accuracy and relevance of breath alcohol measurements by Jones [PDF]
precision, accuracy and relevance of breath alcohol measurements by Jones
Evidentiary Breath Test gadgets give inflated results due to mouth alcohol regardless of so called "observation periods". [PDF]
Evidentiary Breath Testers give inflated results.
Hypoglycemia can cause horizontal gaze nystagmus HGN. HGN is incorrectly used to establish a probability that a person's BAC is .08 or more thus giving probable cause to arrest for DWI/DUI. [PDF]
See the yellow marked section in the attached paper. Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) is a common finding among diabetics, and diabetes is a common disease. HGN is completely unreliable as a roadside test administered as one of the SFST tests in a DUI investigation, and should be vigorously opposed in every case. Forensic evidence MUST contain proof to the EXCLUSION of other causes, especially common causes. HGN does not meet any minimum threshold of reliability as used in the context of a DUI investigation.
DUI Standardized Field Sobriety Evaluations convict 93% of innocent drivers [PDF]
Medical Doctor Greg Kane, MD reveals the dishonesty behind the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) standardized field sobriety evaluation (SFSTs) validation studies. In his article "Crying Wolf: What never before published data proves about Standardized Field Sobriety Testing," Trial Talk, August/September 2008, Dr. Kane analyzes the raw data from NHTSA validation studies and discovers what lawyers practicing in the DWI field have always known -- these tests fail almost everyone. First, for drivers at the 0.04 blood alcohol content (BAC), the raw validation study data indicates that only 7% of field testing results are accurate. This means that DUI field testing convicts 93% of innocent drivers. The raw data suggests for drivers with blood alcohol content under 0.08 DUI police officers guess of blood alcohol content was correct 71% of the time and convicted 29% of innocent drivers. By comparison, for drivers under 0.08 blood alcohol content, field sobriety tests were only 29% correct in their estimation of BAC and standardized field sobriety tests convicted 71% of innocent drivers.
Virginia's ECIR II's by serial number and location [PDF]
A list of Virginia's new breath testers by serial numbers and locations
HGN Study: The Robustness of HGN [PDF]
Recent study showing problems with HGN.
Virginia Intoxilyzer 5000 Operator's Manual -- Department of Forensic Science [PDF]
Virginia Intoxilyzer 5000 Operator's Manual -- Department of Forensic Science

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Bob Keefer: Charlottesville Albemarle County Virginia VA DWI DUI & Drunk Driving Lawyer helping persons charged with DWI DUI & Drunk Driving in Charlottesville & Albemarle County Virginia:

Redstrom - high protein diet - volume 1 - transcript [PDF]
Redstrom - high protein diet - volume 1 - transcript
Redstrom - high protein diet - vol 2 - transcript [PDF]
Redstrom - high protein diet - vol 2 - transcript
Management of Ketoacidosis in Diabetics with high glucose levels - Jahagirdar, Khadilkar 2007 [PDF]
Management of Ketoacidosis in Diabetics with high glucose levels - Jahagirdar, Khadilkar 2007
JONES - BIOTRANSFORMATION OF ACETONE TO ISOPROPANOL IN A MOTORIST BY JONES [PDF]
JONES - BIOTRANSFORMATION OF ACETONE TO ISOPROPANOL IN A MOTORIST BY JONES
Isopropanol Jones 2000 Detection of isopropyl alcohol in a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis [PDF]
Isopropanol Jones 2000 Detection of isopropyl alcohol in a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis
ISOPROPANOL INTERFERENCE WITH BREATH ALCOHOL ANALYSIS BY LOGAN [PDF]
ISOPROPANOL INTERFERENCE WITH BREATH ALCOHOL ANALYSIS BY LOGAN
DETECTION OF ISOPROPANOL IN DIABETICS - Bailey 1991 [PDF]
DETECTION OF ISOPROPANOL IN DIABETICS - Bailey 1991
Detection of isopropyl alcohol in a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis [PDF]
Detection of isopropyl alcohol in a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis
DIABETES - STARVATION INDUCED TRUE DIABETIC EUGLYCEMIC DKA IN SEVERE DEPRESSION BY JOSEPH 2009 [PDF]
DIABETES - STARVATION INDUCED TRUE DIABETIC EUGLYCEMIC DKA IN SEVERE DEPRESSION BY JOSEPH 2009
DIABETES - Using Gas Chromatographic Profile to Show the Various Ketone Bodies Produced [PDF]
DIABETES - Using Gas Chromatographic Profile to Show the Various Ketone Bodies Produced
DIABETES MELLITUS - Graphics and description- Type 1 and Type 2 [PDF]
DIABETES MELLITUS - Graphics and description -- Type 1 and Type 2
DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS BY LEBOVITZ 1995 [PDF]
DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS BY LEBOVITZ 1995
DIFFERENTIAL EFFECTS OF FASTING AND DEHYDRATION IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF KETOACIDOSIS BY BURGE 2001 [PDF]
DIFFERENTIAL EFFECTS OF FASTING AND DEHYDRATION IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF KETOACIDOSIS BY BURGE 2001
Isopropanol detection IN DIABETICS [PDF]
Isopropanol detection IN DIABETICS
Nystagmus Testing in Intoxicated Individuals 2003 [PDF]
Nystagmus Testing in Intoxicated Individuals 2003
Caldwell et al - J Forensic Sci 42,1080-7, 1997 - The response of the Intoxiliyzer 5000 to five potential interfering substance [PDF]
Caldwell et al - J Forensic Sci 42,1080-7, 1997 - The response of the Intoxiliyzer 5000 to five potential interfering substance
Datamaster DMT Owners Guide [PDF]
Datamaster DMT Owners Guide
Doane JA Dalpiaz AS - Am J Med 1215e 2008 - Zolpidem-induced sleep-driving [PDF]
Doane JA Dalpiaz AS - Am J Med 1215e 2008 - Zolpidem-induced sleep-driving
Dubowski - J Studies on Alcohol, Supplement 10, 98-108,1985 - Absorption, distribution and elimination of alcohol - highway saf [PDF]
Dubowski - J Studies on Alcohol, Supplement 10, 98-108,1985 - Absorption, distribution and elimination of alcohol - highway saf
Janet L Corry. microbial production of ethanol [PDF]
Janet L Corry. microbial production of ethanol
NHTSA Marine environment study[2] [PDF]
NHTSA Marine environment study[2] Info@BobKeefer.com
TriTech Forensics Kit Form Michigan [PDF]
TriTech Forensics Kit Form Michigan
TriTech Forensics Kit info inserts [PDF]
TriTech Forensics Kit info inserts
Charlottesville DWI DUI Lawyer Bob Keefer: Virginia has chosen a breath tester that discriminates against diabetics. [PDF]
Diabetics are subject to false positives from Virginia's new alcohol breath test device. These false positives increase the likelyhood that an innocent person will be convicted of DWI DUI in Virginia.

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Bob Keefer: Virginia Reckless Driving & Speeding Ticket Lawyer representing people charged in Virginia, Harrisonburg, Staunton, Woodstock, Waynesboro, Rockingham County, Augusta County, Shenandoah County with Reckless Driving & Speeding Tickets:

2009 Kustom Price-Renewal E194-304-09R [PDF]
2009 Kustom Price-Renewal E194-304-09R
Alco-Sensor IV Manual [PDF]
Alco-Sensor IV Manual
California Validation Study -- SFSTs [PDF]
California Validation Study -- SFSTs
dubowski absorption alcohol [PDF]
dubowski absorption alcohol
IMPORTANCE OF CREATININE ANALYSIS OF URINE FOR DAU TESTING BY LAFOLIE 1991 [PDF]
IMPORTANCE OF CREATININE ANALYSIS OF URINE FOR DAU TESTING BY LAFOLIE 1991
kent case - uncertainty of measurement [PDF]
kent case - uncertainty of measurement
Stuster_Detection_of_DWI_at_BAC's_below_0.10% [PDF]
Stuster_Detection_of_DWI_at_BAC's_below_0.10%
The Shocking Truth about Virginia Reckless Driving by Speed Charges [PDF]
The Shocking Truth about Virginia Reckless Driving by Speed Charges
National Group sharing speed trap information
The police may be out in the open, hiding behind bridge abutments, or passing overhead in an airplane. Driver after driver is issued a speeding ticket that results in exorbitant fines, points on their driver's licenses and insurance surcharges. If only there was a way you could share your knowledge of speed traps, in exchange for the speed trap knowledge of others. Well, now there is!
Why you need Attorney Bob Keefer for VA Traffic Violations... especially Reckless Driving.

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Virginia Speeding Ticket Lawyer Bob Keefer:

Ambien IRCRDHCP letter [PDF]
Ambien IRCRDHCP letter
Bob Keefer: Virginia Speedingt Ticket Lawyer: Kustom Signals Golden Eagle Radar Operator's Manual [PDF]
Kustom Signals Golden Eagle Operator's Manual

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Bob Keefer: Virginia Serious Injury Tractor Trailer Accident Lawyer representing persons seriously injured in Virginia Tractor Trailer Interstate Crashes:

Cephem Antibiotics Increase EtOh_Kamei [PDF]
Cephem Antibiotics Increase EtOh_Kamei
Virginia Tractor Trailer Accident Lawyer Bob Keefer: See Large Truck Crash Causation Study
The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration has posted the database from its Large Truck Crash Causation Study (LTCCS). FMCSA will conduct its own analysis as well as sponsor non-governmental organizations interested in analyzing the study results. The data from the study, along with the original report to Congress, data tables, and other study information, may be downloaded in several formats from the LTCCS Web site.
Virginia Interstate Tractor Trailer Accident Lawyer Bob Keefer: Learn why Large truck Crashes happen
The Large Truck Crash Causation Study (LTCCS) is based on a three-year data collection project conducted by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) and the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) of the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT). LTCCS is the first national study to attempt to determine the critical events and associated factors that contribute to serious large truck crashes. The intent is to allow DOT and others to effect effective countermeasures to reduce the occurrence and severity of these crashes.
Lynchburg Tractor Trailer Accident Lawyer Bob Keefer: See Federal Report to Congress on causes of large truck crashes [PDF]
NHTSA report to congress setting out large truck crash causation
Virginia Tractor Trailer Accident Lawyer Bob Keefer: Powerpoint setting out causes of large truck accidents
Powerpoint separating fact from fiction as to causes of large truck collisions
Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration
Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration

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Bob Keefer: Managing Virginia Serious Injury claims from Virginia Auto Accidents:

AD/HD and Driving -- part of why so many young people die on our highways
Traffic collisions are the leading cause of death for young people between 15 and 20 in the United States. According to NHTSA, a federal agency, over 6,000 deaths in this age group occurred because of automobile crashes in 1996.

Children suffering from AD/HD with its lack of concentration, medications and increased risk taking are in even more danger on our roads
How to make our highways safer
A group of businesses working to make U.S. Highways safer
Air bag Black Box Crash Data
The American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (AAO-HNS)
(AAO-HNS) is the world's largest organization representing physicians who treat the ear, nose, throat, and related structures of the head and neck. Treated conditions include ear infection, sinusitis, snoring, sleep apnea, hearing loss, allergies, hay fever, swallowing disorders, nosebleeds, hoarseness, dizziness, head cancer and neck cancer.
The American Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators (AAMVA)
The American Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators (AAMVA), started in 1933, is an organization that designs programs for use in motor vehicle administration, law enforcement and traffic safety.
American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials
The American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials is made up only of government officials.
American Auto Institute
American Auto Institute was started in 1991 to generate well trained automotive technicians.
The American Head and Neck Society
The American Head and Neck Society advocates improving prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of neoplasms and other head and neck diseases.
Brain Injury Association of America
Brain Injury Association of America
Cross Roads to Brain Injury Recovery
Cross Roads to Brain Injury Recovery
Brain Injury Information
Frequently asked questions about brain injuries.
Brain Injury Peer Support
Our purpose is to provide people who are living with brain injury a safe place to meet for support and information
Parent Advocacy Coalition for Educational Rights
The mission of PACER Center (Parent Advocacy Coalition for Educational Rights) is to expand opportunities and enhance the quality of life of children and young adults with disabilities and their families, based on the concept of parents helping parents.

Founded in 1977, PACER Center was created by parents of children and youth with disabilities to help other parents and families facing similar challenges. Today, PACER Center expands opportunities and enhances the quality of life of children and young adults with disabilities and their families. PACER is staffed primarily by parents of children with disabilities and works in coalition with 18 disability organizations.

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Bob Keefer: Representing people charged with Possession of Marijuana Possession in Virginia:

2010 DOJ National Drug Threat Assessment Report [PDF]
2010 DOJ National Drug Threat Assessment Report
Cannabinoids in Blood and Urine after Passive Inhalation of Cannabis Smoke. [PDF]
Cannabinoids in Blood and Urine after Passive Inhalation of Cannabis Smoke.
Cone, Johnson - Clin Pharmacol Ther 40,247-56,1986 - Contact highs and urinary cannabinoid excretion after passive exposure to [PDF]
Cone, Johnson - Clin Pharmacol Ther 40,247-56,1986 - Contact highs and urinary cannabinoid excretion after passive exposure to
DIRECT DETECTION OF DRUGS OF ABUSE IN WHOLE BLOOD BY EMIT BY ASSELIN 1988 [PDF]
DIRECT DETECTION OF DRUGS OF ABUSE IN WHOLE BLOOD BY EMIT BY ASSELIN 1988
Duquenois-Levine Test presumptive test only [PDF]
Duquenois-Levine Test presumptive test only
Excretion Patterns of Cannabinoid Metabolites after last use in a group of chronic users. [PDF]
Excretion Patterns of Cannabinoid Metabolites after last use in a group of chronic users.
Kelly--False Positives in Drug Testing [PDF]
Kelly--False Positives in Drug Testing
Naftali - Treatment of Crohn's Disease with Cannabis An Observational Study (2011) [PDF]
Naftali - Treatment of Crohn's Disease with Cannabis An Observational Study (2011)
THC Blood-Plasma Ratios Clin Chem 2009 [PDF]
THC Blood-Plasma Ratios Clin Chem 2009 Info@BobKeefer.com
THC per se limits for Driving by Grotenhermen 2007 [PDF]
THC per se limits for Driving by Grotenhermen 2007
THC Plasma Levels after last use in chronic users Karschner JAT 2009 [PDF]
THC Plasma Levels after last use in chronic users Karschner JAT 2009
URINARY EXCRETION CARBOXY-THC LONG APPARENT TERMINAL HALF BY SMITH-KIELLAND 2006 [PDF]
URINARY EXCRETION CARBOXY-THC LONG APPARENT TERMINAL HALF BY SMITH-KIELLAND 2006
URINARY EXCRETION CARBOXY-THC PREGNANT WOMEN HEAVY CHRONIC THC USE BY WESTIN 2009 [PDF]
URINARY EXCRETION CARBOXY-THC PREGNANT WOMEN HEAVY CHRONIC THC USE BY WESTIN 2009
James Madison University Marijuana Possession Defense Attorney Bob Keefer: greater body fat means longer presence of THC in urine [PDF]
Attached is a U.S. Military database of anthropomorphic data on military personnel.

Any (non-obese) typical adult has plenty of body fat to store THC for prolonged excretion into the blood thus conversion to carboxy-THC and prolonged excretion and detection in the urine.

The greater the body fat, the greater the potential for prolonged formation and excretion of carboxy-THC into the urine.
JMU Marijuana Possession Lawyer Bob Keefer: Marijuana will show up in urine tests for as much as 77 days after last use [PDF]
Urine positive marijuana metabolites in a group of sequestered patients for as long as 77 DAYS after last use.

Once again, urine positive drug testing results CANNOT determine when a drug was taken, how it was taken, and can never determine what effect the drug may have had on a person.
Staunton DUI Lawyer Bob Keefer: Developing limits for driving under cannabis [PDF]
staunton marijuana possession defense lawyer, james madison university marijuana possession defense lawyer

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Bob Keefer: Virginia Nursing Home Abuse and Neglect Lawyer representing people who have been abused and neglected in Virginia Nursing Homes:

Harrisonburg Nursing Home Abuse and Neglect Lawyer Bob Keefer: National rating system for Nursing Homes
List of Nursing Homes in the United States.

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Library:

Intoximeters Inc Manuals1_Part1 [PDF]
Intoximeters Inc Manuals1_Part1
Intoximeters Inc Manuals1_Part2 [PDF]
Intoximeters Inc Manuals1_Part2
Intoximeters Inc Manuals1_Part3 [PDF]
Intoximeters Inc Manuals1_Part3
Intoximeters Inc Manuals1_Part4 [PDF]
Intoximeters Inc Manuals1_Part4
Intoximeters Inc Manuals1_Part5 [PDF]
Intoximeters Inc Manuals1_Part5
1983 NHTSA DWI Detection & Standardized Field Sobriety Testing Student Manual [PDF]
DWI Detection & Standardized Field Sobriety Testing Student Manual
1987 NHTSA DWI Detection & Standardized Field Sobriety Testing Student Manual [PDF]
DWI Detection & Standardized Field Sobriety Testing Student Manual
1992 NHTSA DWI Detection & Standardized Field Sobriety Testing (Student Manual) [PDF]
1992 NHTSA DWI Detection & Standardized Field Sobriety Testing (Student Manual)
1995 NHTSA DWI Detection and Standardized Field Sobriety Testing (Student Manual) [PDF]
1995 NHTSA DWI Detection and Standardized Field Sobriety Testing (Student Manual)
2000 NHTSA DWI Detection and Standardized Field Sobriety Testing (Student Manual) [PDF]
2000 NHTSA DWI Detection and Standardized Field Sobriety Testing (Student Manual)
2002 NHTSA DWI Detection and Standardized Field Sobriety Testing (Student Manual) [PDF]
2002 NHTSA DWI Detection and Standardized Field Sobriety Testing (Student Manual)
1983 Study Field Evaluation of a Behavioral DWI Test Battery [PDF]
1983 Study Field Evaluation of a Behavioral DWI Test Battery
Duane's Ophthalmology CHAPTER 11 NYSTAGMUS WITH FIGURES 2008 [PDF]
Duane's Ophthalmology CHAPTER 11 NYSTAGMUS WITH FIGURES 2008
Code of Virginia
Virginia Code
Federal Judiciary
Federal Judiciary
Federal Courts by Circuit
Federal Courts by Circuit
United States Supreme Court Opinions
United States Supreme Court Opinions
American Association for Justice
American Association for Justice
Virginia Trial Lawyers Association
Virginia Trial Lawyers Association
Virginia Appellate News & Analysis by L. Steve Emmert
Virginia Appellate News & Analysis by L. Steve Emmert
Richmond Times Dispatch
Richmond Times Dispatch
Comsumer Reports
Comsumer Reports
Kelley Book
Kelley Book
Law Dictionary
Law Dictionary
Disability Resources on the Internet
Disability Resources on the Internet
FDA Center for Drug Evaluation and Research
FDA Center for Drug Evaluation and Research
FDA Med Watch
FDA Med Watch
FDA Safety Announcements
FDA Safety Announcements
Health Square
A good starting point for understanding prescription drugs
MedicineNet
Easy to understand medication information
Prescription Medication Information
A way to understand the effects and uses for prescription drugs
Merck Manuals on line
Look at various Merck Manuals available on line
U.S. Consumer Product Safety Division
Help keep your family safe by checking product recalls and safety news from CPSC.
Cornell Law School Information Center
Various information provided by Cornell Law School
Library of Congress Information about pending legislation
In the spirit of Thomas Jefferson, legislative information from the Library of Congress
U.S. Code
U.S. Code
U.S. Government site about Medicare
U.S. Government site about Medicare
Census Bureau
Contains statistics about almost everything
United States Supreme Court site
official site of the U.S. Supreme Court
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
NHTSA official site
National Academy of Neurology
The American Academy of Neurology (AAN), established in 1948, is an international professional association of more than 21,000 neurologists and neuroscience professionals dedicated to providing the best possible care for patients with neurological disorders. The AAN is strongly committed to its mission and focuses its efforts on ensuring the reality of the principles and standards set forth in the AAN mission statement.
The American Physical Therapy Association
The American Physical Therapy Association (APTA) is a national professional organization representing more than 72,000 members. Its goal is to foster advancements in physical therapy practice, research, and education.
The American Association of Neurological Surgeons
The American Association of Neurological Surgeons (AANS) is the organization that speaks for all of neurosurgery. The AANS is dedicated to advancing the specialty of neurological surgery in order to promote the highest quality of patient care.
Brain -- a Journal of Neurology
Brain provides researchers and clinicians with the finest original contributions in neurology. Leading studies in neurological science are balanced with practical clinical articles. Its citation rating is one of the highest for neurology journals, and it consistently publishes papers that become classics in the field. The Editorial Board reflects both the journal's truly international readership and wide coverage.
The Brief Treatment and Crisis Intervention journal
The Brief Treatment and Crisis Intervention journal is dedicated to advancing clinical practice, public policy, and knowledge-building related to behavioral health, health care, and forensic studies. The journal's objective is to expand research, theory-building, treatment plans, and practice developments in mental health assessment and treatment, crisis intervention, time-limited psychotherapy, cognitive therapy, coping efficacy, critical incident stress management, psychopharmacology, violence and violence prevention, psychological trauma, forensic risk assessment, suicide prevention, and emergency services. Brief Treatment and Crisis Intervention is an interdisciplinary quarterly journal serving researchers, administrators, and practitioners from all disciplines addressing behavioral health and forensic concerns.
QJM: An International Journal of Medicine
QJM is a long-established, leading general medical journal. It focuses on internal medicine and publishes peer-reviewed articles which promote medical science and practice. Published monthly, QJM includes original papers, editorials, reviews, commentary papers to air controversial issues, and a correspondence column.
The Neuroscience Center
The Neuroscience Center of Indianapolis has been at the forefront in clinical services, research, development and delivery since its doors opened in 1984. Our focus across all of these service areas has always been to provide the best possible clinical services and applications for the diagnosis and rehabilitation treatment of cognitive difficulties stemming from injury, disease or anomaly of the brain. In addition to providing direct services to patients and their families through our own clinical treatment facility, we have also worked to develop and make these services and applications available to other treatment facilities for use with their patients.
Families against Mandatory Minimums
Mandatory minimum sentencing laws require harsh, automatic prison terms for those convicted of certain crimes, most often drug offenses. Congress enacted mandatory minimums in 1986 and toughened them in 1988 to apply to drug conspiracies and certain gun offenses. The sentence is determined solely by the weight and type of drug, or the presence of a firearm during a felony offense.

Congress enacted mandatory minimum sentencing laws to catch drug “kingpins” and deter drug sales and use. But the laws undermine the American tradition of justice by preventing judges from fitting the punishment to the individual’s role in the offense. Because of mandatory sentencing laws, the population of federal prisons has soared and they are filled with low-level, nonviolent drug law violators – not the “kingpins” mandatory sentences intended to apprehend.
Virginia Constitution
Virginia Constitution
Check out your hospital
Find comprehensive quality reports on hospitals in your area including:

Extensive information on relevant procedures and medical conditions
Average length of stay
Price comparisons to financially plan for your healthcare

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General:

1995 Colorado SFST Validation Study Final Report [PDF]
1995 Colorado SFST Validation Study Final Report
1990 Marine SFST Study [PDF]
1990 Marine SFST Study
1984 NHTSA article on Standardized Field Sobriety Testing [PDF]
1984 NHTSA article on Standardized Field Sobriety Testing
Intoxilyzer 5000 68 series service manual [PDF]
best harrisonburg dui lawyer
December 31, 2007 Memorandum from Colonel Flaherty regarding uniform procedures for speed enforcement with RADAR, LASER, and VASCAR. [PDF]
Memo to all sworn Virginia State Police Officers: From Colonel W. Steven Flaherty: Speed Enforcement: Radio Detection and Ranging (RADAR); RADAR Detection Enforcement; Lght Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation (LASER); Visual Average Speed Computer and Recorder (VASCAR)
As enforced against red solo cups the Harrisonburg open container ordinance is invalid.
Harrisonburg has chosen to enforce an invalid ordinance to target JMU students holding red solo cups.
Bob Keefer: Virginia DWI Lawyer: HGN is a flawed practice. [PDF]
HGN was not properly tested and was not subjected to peer review, the scientific scrutiny that provides the checks on "junk science".
Bob Keefer: Cutting Edge Report on the falibility of the standardized field sobriety tests (sfsts): they simply do not work. [PDF]
The science proves the standardized field sobriety tests do not work. This article by Greg Kane, M.D. is very disturbing because it documents what many of us have feared: the field sobriety tests essentially find everyone impaired even the innocent.
Shenandoah County DWI DUI Lawyer Bob Keefer: Virginia's breath tester discriminates against diabetics. [PDF]
Virginia chose a breath tester that can give false alcohol readings against diabetics.
HIPAA Federal Complaint Form [PDF]
How to file privacy complaint forms
JMU James Madison University Harrisonburg Virginia VA: Community Service Opportunity List [PDF]
Community Service Provider List for James Madison University JMU/ Harrisonburg Virginia VA